Chemoporoelastic solution of transversely isotropic saturated porous media.

The solution is closed-form in the Laplace domain; and is then inverted to the time domain by using Stehfest's (1970) algorithm. This solution simulates the chemoporoelastic process triggered by drilling a borehole in saturated porous media, and subject to a step constant mass fraction change together with mud pressure acting on the borehole wall. Results indicate that osmosis alters the pore pressure and effective stresses, which are function of the swelling coefficient and the reflection coefficient of the formation as well as the solute mass fraction of the mud.Instability of shales involves fully coupled chemo-mechanical processes, in which fundamental intermolecular surface forces are acting between the clay layers. These forces are function of the composition, type, amount, and micro-fabric of the clay content in the rock which are responsible for the global shale behavior. Thus, for wellbore stability problems one needs to include the mechanical properties of these materials interacting with the pore fluid.The purpose of this dissertation is to provide civil, petroleum and geological engineers, a model of chemical poroelasticity for fluid saturated argillaceous rocks, appropriate for laboratory and field applications. The theory couples mechanical, hydraulic and chemical processes in fluid-saturated transversely isotropic porous media. The model of hydration swelling is derived from non-equilibrium thermodynamics; it is a hybrid of an extended version of the theory of poroelasticity and Onsager's (1931) transport phenomenology. In particular, it is an extension of Heidug and Wong's model (1996) to accommodate compressibility of the fluid as well as anisotropy. The rock constitutive equations expressing the total stresses, the pore volume fraction per referential volume are constructed from the internal energy of the wetted clay matrix in terms of the solid strains, the pore pressure, and the fluid component chemical potentials. The total stresses, and the variation of fluid content are linearly related to these variables through anisotropic material coefficients characterized via micro-homogeneity and micro-isotropy assumptions. The analysis incorporates four coupled transport processes of fluid, and solute in addition to mechanical deformation, and chemical swelling. The phenomenological equations relating the fluxes to their conjugate forces are constructed from the definition of the dissipation function and the generalized forces associated with it. Field equations for the linear chemical loading are derived and applied to vertical and inclined boreholes subjected to non-hydrostatic far-field loading.Wellbore stability, mainly in shales, is one of the major problems encountered during the drilling of wells, with an estimated cost exceeding hundreds of millions of dollars each year in remedial works. Presently, the design of improved water-base muds for shale stability is of primary concern for the drilling industry. A key factor in selecting the appropriate drilling fluid is a better understanding of the swelling phenomenon in shales; it is associated with the chemical composition and characteristics of the material. However, until now, the experimental data did not totally and effectively explain the observations

Novel algorithms and hardware architectures for Montgomery Multiplication over GF(p)

This report describes the design and implementation results in FPGAs of a scalable hardware architecture for computing modular multiplication in prime fields GF($p$), based on the Montgomery multiplication (MM) algorithm. Starting from an existing digit-serial version of the MM algorithm, a novel {\it digit-digit} based MM algorithm is derived and two hardware architectures that compute that algorithm are described. In the proposed approach, the input operands (multiplicand, multiplier and modulus) are represented using as radix $\beta = 2^k$. Operands of arbitrary size can be multiplied with modular reduction using almost the same hardware since the multiplier\u27s kernel module that performs the modular multiplication depends only on $k$. The novel hardware architectures proposed in this paper were verified by modeling them using VHDL and implementing them in the Xilinx FPGAs Spartan and Virtex5. Design trade-offs are analyzed considering different operand sizes commonly used in cryptography and different values for $k$. The proposed designs for MM are well suited to be implemented in modern FPGAs, making use of available dedicated multiplier and memory blocks reducing drastically the FPGA\u27s standard logic while keeping an acceptable performance compared with other implementation approaches. From the Virtex5 implementation, the proposed MM multiplier reaches a throughput of 242Mbps using only 219 FPGA slices and achieving a 1024-bit modular multiplication in 4.21$\mu$secs

Consideraciones para el Análisis de Pavimento Flexible y Rígido Mediante el Elementos Finitos con Aplicaciones de Abaqus

The finite element method (FEM) allows the analysis of pavement structures in conditions approximating service conditions, simulating loading conditions and properties similar to the real ones, in order to predict the mechanical responses of the structure. This method considers approximate field characteristics such as geometry and discontinuities of the structure, loads, boundary conditions and realistic constitutive models of materials. This study presents the application of these theories in the modeling of rigid and flexible pavement structures, for which Abaqus includes a viscoelastic analysis module. The theory of linear viscoelasticity is widely used to characterize asphalt mixtures due to its ability to describe the material response. In this study, guidelines are given to obtain viscoelastic parameters expressed in Prony series, and the applicability of the concrete smeared cracking (CSC) and concrete damaged plasticity (CDP) models to determine the non-elastic and post-cracking response of concrete is established. On the other hand, considerations are presented to define the geometry of a pavement structure, the pavementtire contact area, the loads (contact stresses), and meshing of the model.El método de elementos finitos (MEF) permite analizar estructuras de pavimento en condiciones aproximadas a las de servicio, simulando condiciones de carga y propiedades semejantes a las reales, con el fin de predecir las respuestas mecánicas de la estructura. Este método considera características aproximadas de campo como la geometría y discontinuidades de la estructura, cargas, condiciones de frontera y modelos constitutivos realistas de materiales. En este estudio se presenta la aplicación de estas teorías en la modelación de estructuras de pavimento rígido y flexible, para lo cual Abaqus incluye un módulo de análisis viscoelástico. La teoría de la viscoelasticidad lineal es ampliamente utilizada para caracterizar mezclas asfálticas en virtud de su capacidad de describir la respuesta del material, en este estudio se dan pautas para la obtención de parámetros viscoelásticos expresados en Series de Prony, asimismo, se establece la aplicabilidad de los modelos concrete smeared cracking (CSC) y concrete damaged plasticity (CDP) para determinar la respuesta no elástica y post agrietamiento del concreto. Por otra parte, son presentadas consideraciones para definir la geometría de una estructura de pavimento, el área de contacto llanta-pavimento, las cargas (esfuerzos de contacto), y mallado del modelo

Fowler-Nordheim tunneling characterization on Poly1-Poly2 capacitors for the implementation of analog memories in CMOS 0.5 m technology

The experimental results of the Fowler-Nordheim characterization using poly1-poly2 capacitors on CMOS ON Semi 0.5 m technology are presented. This characterization allows the development, design, and characterization of a newcurrent-mode analog nonvolatile memory. Experimental results of the memory cell architecture are presented and demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed architecture

Factoring y facturas en descuento y su aplicación como alternativas de financiamiento en la empresa ARLOGA S.A.C. periodo 2017

El presente trabajo de investigación, se inicia a raíz de la falta de liquidez, por la cual se requiere contar con los fondos necesarios para poder cumplir con sus obligaciones frente a terceros. En el desarrollo de esta tesina, se ha detectado la problemática que posee la empresa “ARLOGA S.A.C.”, la cual nos ha permitido conocer más a detalle sobre sus operaciones a fin de poder brindar una solución eficiente a su problema de liquidez. En consecuencia, se han buscado alternativas de financiamiento que se acomoden a la situación actual de la empresa, dando como resultado la elección del “FACTORING Y FACTURAS EN DESCUENTO” como la solución al problema por el que atraviesa la empresa. Estas herramientas tienen como finalidad proporcionar liquidez inmediata, a través de una entidad financiera que permita acogernos a estos productos mediante nuestras facturas comerciales por cobrar. Finalmente, a través del análisis desarrollado se ha determinado implementar FACTURAS EN DESCUENTO como la mejor alternativa de financiamiento en la empresa ARLOGA S.A.C. ya que es la opción que mejor se adecua al problema por el que atraviesa la empresa.Trabajo de suficiencia profesionalCampus Lima Centr

Caracterización de la logística en la cadena de suministro de cosméticos y productos de aseo

The sector of cosmetics and toiletries is a world class sector, consolidated in Colombia with 690 companies of which 420 are in Bogotá D.C. Taking into account that logistics management generates competitive advantage in organizations as factor of success in a global economy, this paper proposes a logistics analysis applied to the case of cosmetics and toiletries supply chain. The results include the diagnosis of logistics processes and resources, which they were studied with an own methodology proposal. The methodology allowed study the logistics factors and variables, elements that recognized the logistical behaviour in the different links of the supply chain.El sector de cosméticos y productos de aseo de talla mundial, consolidado en Colombia con 690 empresas de las cuales 420 se encuentran en Bogotá, D.C. Al considerar que la gestión logística genera ventaja competitiva en las organizaciones como factor de éxito en una economía globalizada, este artículo presenta una propuesta metodológica, que permite estudiar factores y variables logísticas, elementos que identifican el comportamiento de la cadena de suministro en los diferentes eslabones, la cual es aplicada al caso de la cadena de suministro de cosméticos y productos de aseo. El resultado incluye el diagnóstico de los procesos logísticos y recursos.

Perspectivas literarias: traducción e intertextualidad

En este libro hemos reunido un conjunto de trabajos que exploran temas relacionados con la traducción literaria y con los estudios literarios desde una perspectiva múltiple y comparada, pues creemos que, en estos tiempos, es valioso detenerse a analizar experiencias complejas con respecto a las prácticas literarias que permiten la comunicación intercultural, ya que ésta es una vía para cuestionar visiones nacionalistas que, en ocasiones, tienden a achatar el panorama en lugar de reconocer la hibridez y la heterogeneidad de los discursos literarios. Se trata de analizar estos temas desde distintos ángulos, tales como la traducción, las intertextualidades temáticas, la formación de traductores, la perspectiva de los lectores, la construcción del canon por distintas instancias culturales y los estudios comparados

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected

The 13th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the SDSS-IV Survey Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) began observations in July 2014. It pursues three core programs: APOGEE-2,MaNGA, and eBOSS. In addition, eBOSS contains two major subprograms: TDSS and SPIDERS. This paper describes the first data release from SDSS-IV, Data Release 13 (DR13), which contains new data, reanalysis of existing data sets and, like all SDSS data releases, is inclusive of previously released data. DR13 makes publicly available 1390 spatially resolved integral field unit observations of nearby galaxies from MaNGA,the first data released from this survey. It includes new observations from eBOSS, completing SEQUELS. In addition to targeting galaxies and quasars, SEQUELS also targeted variability-selected objects from TDSS and X-ray selected objects from SPIDERS. DR13 includes new reductions ofthe SDSS-III BOSS data, improving the spectrophotometric calibration and redshift classification. DR13 releases new reductions of the APOGEE-1data from SDSS-III, with abundances of elements not previously included and improved stellar parameters for dwarf stars and cooler stars. For the SDSS imaging data, DR13 provides new, more robust and precise photometric calibrations. Several value-added catalogs are being released in tandem with DR13, in particular target catalogs relevant for eBOSS, TDSS, and SPIDERS, and an updated red-clump catalog for APOGEE.This paper describes the location and format of the data now publicly available, as well as providing references to the important technical papers that describe the targeting, observing, and data reduction. The SDSS website, http://www.sdss.org, provides links to the data, tutorials and examples of data access, and extensive documentation of the reduction and analysis procedures. DR13 is the first of a scheduled set that will contain new data and analyses from the planned ~6-year operations of SDSS-IV.PostprintPeer reviewe

The 16th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys : First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra

This paper documents the 16th data release (DR16) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), the fourth and penultimate from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). This is the first release of data from the Southern Hemisphere survey of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2); new data from APOGEE-2 North are also included. DR16 is also notable as the final data release for the main cosmological program of the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), and all raw and reduced spectra from that project are released here. DR16 also includes all the data from the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey and new data from the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Survey programs, both of which were co-observed on eBOSS plates. DR16 has no new data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey (or the MaNGA Stellar Library "MaStar"). We also preview future SDSS-V operations (due to start in 2020), and summarize plans for the final SDSS-IV data release (DR17).Peer reviewe